What Are Growing Pains?
Despite the name, growing pains are not directly related to the growth of the bones. They do not coincide with the most significant phases of bone growth, nor with the places where bone growth occurs. The exact cause of growing pains is not known, but it is probably associated with multiple factors, including a significant increase in physical activity during the day. It is important to note that this pain is not related to musculoskeletal injuries.
Main Characteristics of Growing Pains
Growing pains have a number of distinctive characteristics that help tell them apart from other musculoskeletal pain:
- Age Range Affected: They affect children between 3 and 12 years old, tending to decrease in intensity and frequency from the age of 10.
- Prevalence: More common in girls than in boys, and in children with other health problems.
- Location: Generally in the legs, including the thighs, shins, calves and behind the knees, though they can occur in the arms. The pain is not located in the joints.
- Both Sides: They usually affect both limbs, although the pain may be more intense on one side during a particular episode.
- Recurrence: Episodes of pain are recurrent and can come and go for no apparent reason, lasting for several years.
- When They Occur: They occur mainly at the end of the day and at night, and can interfere with sleep.
- Intensity and Sensation: Described as an ache or a throbbing sensation, of varying intensity.
- No Injury: There is no injury to the muscles or bones, and mobility of the limbs is unaffected.
Growing Pains in the Legs and Knee
Growing pains in the legs are the most common reason for complaints of pain in school-age children. The areas most affected include:
- Thighs
- Shins
- Calves
- Behind the knees
This pain, often described as growing pains in the knee or growing pains from the knee down, is frequently felt on both sides and occurs more towards the end of the day or during the night.
How to Ease Growing Pains
Although growing pains resolve on their own, some measures can help ease the pain when it is intense:
- Painkillers: Paracetamol or ibuprofen at a dose appropriate to the child's age, provided there are no contraindications.
- Applying Heat: Using a hot water bottle or a heat pad on the affected area can provide relief.
When to Seek Medical Care
Although they are common, it is important to seek medical care if:
- The pain affects only one limb.
- The pain occurs during the day.
- The pain is persistent and does not go away.
- The pain interferes with mobility.
- The pain is located in the joints.
- There is swelling, redness or increased local temperature.
- There are systemic symptoms such as fever, tiredness, weight loss or lack of appetite.
Prolonged, persistent pain should always be assessed to rule out other conditions specific to this age group, such as osteochondrosis and osteochondritis, which require specific treatment and follow-up.
Conclusion
Growing pains are a common part of childhood development, affecting many children during their growing years. Understanding their characteristics and how to ease the pain can help parents manage these complaints more effectively. However, it is crucial to watch for the signs that indicate a need for medical assessment, to make sure there are no other underlying conditions.
